Introduced and invasive species

Non-indigenous organisms have been deliberately and sometimes accidentally introduced into aquatic ecosystems. Non-native species may become invasive species potentially displacing native species.

Invasive Elodea
A Three-spine Stickleback swims by strands of invasive Elodea weed in Eyak Lake near Cordova, Alaska.
Actinopterygii Alaska Chordata Class Actinopterygii Cordova Elodia Eyak Lake Gasterosteiformes Gasterosteus aculeatus Infraclass Teleostei Neopterygii Phylum Chordata Prince William Sound South Central Alaska Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Threespine Stickleback United States Vertebrate chordate invasive invasive species under fresh water underwater www.salmonography.com
Blacktail Snapper
Blacktail Snapper (Lutjanus fulvus), a non-native fish species that was deliberately introduced to Hawaii in the 1950s, photographed under water at Molokini Crater which is offshore of Maui, Hawaii, USA.
Actinopterygii Blacktail Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Fish Infraclass Teleostei Lutjanidae Lutjanus fulvus Molokini Crater dive site Neopterygii Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Vertebrate animals aquarium aquatic biosphere chordate colorful coral deep dive diving exotic fin food fish in situ life marine naturalworld ocean reef saltwater scuba sea snapper spinyfinned fish swim swimming tank travel tropical underwater vacation water wildlife winter
Lurking Peacock Grouper
Peacock Grouper (Cephalopholis argus) lurking in a Hawaiian reef comprised of lava and coral. The Peacock Gouper is now considered to be an invasive species.
Actinopterygii Cephalopholis argus Chordata Class Actinopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Kona coast dive site Neopterygii Peacock Grouper Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Pyramid Pinnacle Seacam underwater housing Serranidae Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ marine life naturalworld nature underwater underwaterphoto wild winter
Schooling Bluestripe Snapper
School of Bluestripe Snapper (Lutjanus kasmira), a species that was deliberately introduced into Hawaiian waters that is now considered to be an invasive species.
Actinopterygii Bluestripe Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Kauai Island Lutjanidae Lutjanus kasmira Neopterygii Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ introduced species invasive invasive species marine life naturalworld nature scuba scuba diving underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild
Peacock Grouper with prey
Peacock Grouper (Cephalopholis argus) swims by with fish prey in its mouth off Kauai, Hawaii, USA during the spring. The Peacock Gouper is now considered to be an invasive species.
Actinopterygii Cephalopholis argus Chordata Class Actinopterygii Hawaii Infraclass Teleostei Kauai Island Kauai dive site Sheraton Caverns Neopterygii Peacock Grouper Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Serranidae Spring Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ introduced species invasive invasive species marine life naturalworld nature scuba scuba diving underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild
Native and introduced sargeants at a cleaning station
Hawaii has two closely-related sargeant fish species, the native and endemic Hawaiian Sargeant (Abudeduf abdomalis) and the invasive Indopacific Sargeant (Abudeduf vaigiensis) that can and have interbred.
Abudefduf abdominalis Abudefduf vaigiensis Actinopterygii Big Island Chordata Class Actinopterygii Cleaner Wrasse Hawaii Hawaii Island Hawaiian Sergeant IndoPacific Sergeant Infraclass Teleostei Kona Labridae Labroidei Labroides phthirophagus Neopterygii Perciformes Phylum Chordata Pomacentridae Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei The Big Island United States Vertebrate biosphere chordate cleaning station in situ invasive species marine life naturalworld nature underwater underwaterphoto wild
Schooling Bluestripe Snappers
Schooling Bluestripe Snappers (Lutjanus kasmira), a species deliberately introduced into Hawaian waters and now considered invasive, off the Kona coast, The Big island, Hawaii, USA.
Actinopterygii Big Island Bluestripe Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Hawaii Hawaii Island Infraclass Teleostei Kona Lutjanidae Lutjanus kasmira Neopterygii Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei The Big Island United States Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ marine life naturalworld nature underwater underwaterphoto wild
Bluestripe Snapper school
Bluestripe Snapper (Lutjanus kasmira), an invaisive species, schooled at Garden Eel Cove, Kona Coast, Hawaii Island during the spring.
Actinopterygii Bluestripe Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Kaloko Arches Kona coast dive site Lutjanidae Lutjanus kasmira Neopterygii Pacificstock RF Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Spring Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ introduced species invasive invasive species marine life naturalworld nature underwater underwaterphoto wild www.salmonography.com
Brook Trout and precotial parr male observe a female Chinook Salmon
A Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), an introduced species, and a precotial parr stage male observe a female Chinook Salmon a.k.a King salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner in the Yakima River, Washington, USA.
Actinopterygii Alaska wild salmon Brook Trout Chinook Salmon Chordata Class Actinopterygii Easton Infraclass Teleostei King Salmon Neopterygii Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Pacific salmon Phylum Chordata Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmoninae Salvelinus fontinalis Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Summer Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate Washington State Yakima River anadromous anadromy biosphere chordate diadromous diadromy fresh water freshwater in situ invasive species lotic male behavior migratory naturalworld nature photographed under water precocious parr precotial parr semelparity semelparous stream under fresh water underwater underwaterphoto wild
Breeding female Indo-Pacific Sergeant
A breeding female Indo-Pacific Sergeant (Abudeduf vaigienesis), an invasive species, over her egg mass at Molokini Crater, Maui Island, Hawaii. Her extended genital papilla is visible (forward of anal fin). Aspect Ratio = 16:9.
Abudefduf vaigiensis Actinopterygii Blueeye Damselfish Chordata Class Actinopterygii Genital Papilla IndoPacific Sergeant Infraclass Teleostei Labroidei Molokini Crater dive site Neopterygii Perciformes Phylum Chordata Plectroglyphiododon johnsonianus Pomacentridae Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei Vertebrate biosphere chordate damselfish eggs female in situ marine life naturalworld nature reproduction spawning spawning behavior underwater underwaterphoto wild winter
Snowflake Coral
Snowflake Coral (Carijoa riisei), an invasive species, growing on the St. Anthony wreck at Maui Island, Hawaii.
Alcyonaria Anthozoa Carijoa riisei Class Anthozoa Clavulariidae Cnidaria Hawaii Invertebrate Octocorallia Order Alcyonaria Phylum Cnidaria Seacam underwater housing Subclass Octocorallia Suborder Stolonifera United States biosphere cnidarian coelenterate in situ introduced species invasive species marine life naturalworld nature octocoral snowflake coral underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild www.salmonography.com
Invasive and native freshwater macrophytes in the Eyak River, Alaska
Invasive Elodea found growing among native pondweed (Potamogeton spp.) in the Eyak River, near Cordova, Alaska/
Actinopterygii Alaska Angiosperm Chordata Class Actinopterygii Copper River Delta Elodea Family Hydrocharitaceae Family Potamogetonaceae Infraclass Teleostei Kingdom Plantae Monocot Neopterygii Oncorhynchus kisutch Order Alismatales Pacific salmon Phylum Chordata Plant Pond Weed Potamogeton Salmonidae Salmoniformes Salmoninae South Central Alaska South Central Alaska 2 Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate aquatic macrophyte biosphere chordate fry in situ invasive invasive species naturalworld underwater www.salmonography.com
Blacktail Snapper
Blacktail Snapper (Lutjanus fulvus), a non-native fish species that was deliberately introduced to Hawaii in the 1950s, photographed under water at Molokini Crater which is offshore of Maui, Hawaii, USA.
Actinopterygii Blacktail Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Hawaii Infraclass Teleostei Lutjanidae Lutjanus fulvus Neopterygii Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ introduced species marine marine life naturalworld nature scuba scuba diving snapper underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild www.salmonography.com
Cooperative hunting
A Peacock Grouper (Cephalopis argus), an introduced fish species, and a Whitemouth Moray Eel (Gymnothorax meleagris) hunting cooperatively on the Kona coast, the Big Island, Hawaii, USA.
Actinopterygii Anguilliformes Cephalopholis argus Chordata Class Actinopterygii Gymnothorax meleagris Hawaii Infraclass Teleostei Muraenidae Neopterygii Peacock Grouper Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Serranidae Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate Whitemouth Moray Eel biosphere chordate coopertive hunting grouper in situ introduced species invasive invasive species marine life moray mutualism naturalworld nature scuba scuba diving underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild
Bluestripe Snappers
Bluestripe Snapper (Lutjanus kasmira), a species that was deliberately introduced into Hawaiian waters that is now considered to be an invasive species.
Actinopterygii Bluestripe Snapper Chordata Class Actinopterygii Hawaii Infraclass Teleostei Lutjanidae Lutjanus kasmira Neopterygii Perciformes Percoidei Phylum Chordata Seacam underwater housing Subclass Neopterygii Teleost Teleostei United States Vertebrate biosphere chordate in situ introduced species invasive invasive species marine marine life naturalworld nature scuba scuba diving snapper underwater underwater photography underwaterphoto wild